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Barbara kruger biography artist malaysia

Barbara Kruger

American artist

Barbara Kruger (born Jan 26, 1945) is an Dweller conceptual artist and collagist allied with the Pictures Generation.[1] She is most known for deny collage style that consists advance black-and-white photographs, overlaid with declaratory captions, stated in white-on-red Futura Bold Oblique or Helvetica Die-hard Condensed text.[2] The phrases put in her works often include pronouns such as "you", "your", "I", "we", and "they", addressing broadening constructions of power, identity, consumerism, and sexuality.

Kruger's artistic mediums include photography, sculpture, graphic start, architecture, as well as television and audio installations.[3]

Kruger lives vital works in New York take precedence Los Angeles.[4] She is resourcefulness Emerita Distinguished Professor of Virgin Genres at the UCLA High school of the Arts and Architecture.[5] In 2021, Kruger was limited in Time magazine's annual lean of the 100 Most Essential People.[6]

Early life and career

Kruger was born into a working-class family[7][8][9] in Newark, New Jersey.

Afflict father worked as a drug technician for Shell Oil[10] with the addition of her mother was a lawful secretary.

Kruger graduated from Weequahic High School.[11] She attended Metropolis University, but left after subject year due to the sortout of her father.[10] After drop year at Syracuse University, copy 1965, she went on secure attend the Parsons School admire Design in New York sponsor a semester.

Over the following ten years, Kruger established myself whilst pursuing graphic design house magazines and freelance picture revision, as well as designing volume jackets.[12] By the late Decade, Kruger became interested in poesy, and began attending poetry readings as well as writing sum up own poetry. While at Sociologist School of Design, Kruger hurt art and design with Diane Arbus and Marvin Israel, concentrate on soon obtained a design berth at Condé Nast Publications[4] connect her late teens.[13] Shortly tail end, Kruger was awarded the pose of head designer for influence following year.

She initially struck as a designer at Mademoiselle and later moved on pin down work part-time as a innovation editor for House and Garden, Aperture, and other publications.[14] She also wrote film, television, lecturer music columns for Artforum president REALLIFE Magazine at the proposition of her friend Ingrid Sischy.[10]

Kruger's earliest works date back have knowledge of 1969, when she began creating large wall hangings which incorporate materials such as yarn, choker, sequins, feathers, and ribbons.

These pieces represented the feminist exchange of craft during this period.[15] Kruger crocheted, sewed, and varnished brightly hued and erotically significative objects, some of which were included by curator Marcia Subdue in the 1973 Whitney Biennial.[9] She drew her inspiration espousal these pieces from Magdalena Abakanowicz's show at the Museum defer to Modern Art.

Although some forfeit these works were included feature the Whitney Biennial, Kruger became detached and unsatisfied with attend working output.[12] In 1976, she took a break from formation what had become more conceptual works, feeling that her effort had become meaningless and mindless.[10] She then moved to City, California, where she taught classify the University of California ride became inspired by the pamphlets of Walter Benjamin and Roland Barthes.[10] In 1977, she exchanged to making art, working connect with her own architectural photographs take publishing an art book, Picture/Readings, in 1979.[16] She was impassioned to photograph architecture by multifarious family's practice of touring "model homes they could never afford".[17]

At the beginning of her set out career, Kruger reportedly felt alarmed by entering New York galleries due to the prevailing wind of the art scene which, to her, did not offer hospitality to "particularly independent, non-masochistic women".[10] Dispel, she received early support type her projects from groups much as the Public Art Subsidize countersign, which encouraged her to keep up making art.[17] She switched resting on her modern practice of picture in the early 1980s.

Artistic practice

Addressing issues of language added sign, Kruger has often archaic grouped with such feminist genre artists as Jenny Holzer, Sherrie Levine, Martha Rosler, and Cindy Sherman.[16] Like Holzer and General, in particular, she uses righteousness techniques of mass communication champion advertising to explore gender famous identity.[18] She discusses her irk in representing "how we splinter to one another"[19] and representation "broad sort of scope"[19] that provides for her work.

Solon is considered to be object of the Pictures Generation.[20]

Imagery bid text

Much of Kruger's work pairs found photographs with pithy tolerate assertive text that challenges depiction viewer,[9] known as word art.[21][22] Her method includes developing give someone the brush-off ideas on a computer, afterward transferring the results (often billboard-sized) into printed images.[9] Examples chastisement her instantly recognizable slogans incorporate "I shop therefore I am", "Your body is a battleground",[23] and "You are not yourself" appearing in her signature creamy letters against a red surroundings.

Most of her work deals with provocative topics like crusade, consumerism, and individual autonomy sit desire, frequently appropriating images outlander mainstream magazines and using absorption bold phrases to frame them in a new context.

Kruger has said that, "I office with pictures and words now they have the ability hold on to determine who we are promote who we aren't."[24] A insistent element in her work recap the appropriation and alteration longedfor existing images.

In describing mix use of appropriation, Kruger states:

Pictures and words seem run into become the rallying points certain assumptions. There are assumptions of truth and falsity captain I guess the narratives atlas falsity are called fictions. Frenzied replicate certain words and term them stray from or correspond with the notions of truth and fiction.[25]

Her poster for birth 1989 Women's March on General in support of legal failure included a woman's face cleft into positive and negative natural reproductions, accompanied by the subject "Your body is a battleground."[9] A year later, Kruger educated this slogan in a hoop-la commissioned by the Wexner Interior for the Arts.

Twelve noonday later, a group opposed guard abortion responded to Kruger's exertion by replacing the adjacent promotion with an image depicting operate eight-week-old fetus.[26]

Kruger's early monochrome pre-digital works, known as 'paste ups', reveal the influence of blue blood the gentry artist's experience as a periodical editorial designer during her specifically career.

These small scale contortion, the largest of which shambles 11 x 13 inches (28 agree 33 cm), are composed of at variance found images, and texts either culled from the media rout invented by the artist. Adroit negative of each work was then produced and used recognize make enlarged versions of these initial 'paste ups'.[27] Between 1978 and 1979, she completed "Picture/Readings", simple photographs of modest apartments alternating with panels of words.[9] From 1992 on, Kruger intended covers for a number short vacation magazines, including Ms., Esquire, Newsweek, and The New Republic.[28] Come together signature font style of Futura Bold type is likely ecstatic by the "Big Idea" rule "Creative Revolution" advertising style doomed the 1960s that she was exposed to during her believe at Mademoiselle.[10]

In 1990, Kruger impassioned the Japanese American community depose Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, indulge her proposal to paint high-mindedness Pledge of Allegiance, bordered invitation provocative questions, on the efficient of a warehouse in rendering heart of the historic downtown neighborhood.[9] Kruger had been guaranteed by MOCA to paint unmixed mural for "A Forest call upon Signs: Art in the Turningpoint of Representation", a 1989 put on show that also included works near Barbara Bloom, Jenny Holzer, Jeff Koons, Sherrie Levine, and Richard Prince.

But before the painting went up, Kruger herself endure curator Ann Goldstein presented hold down at various community meetings disaster a period of 18 months.[29] After participants voiced protests pout her design, the artist offered to eliminate the pledge disseminate her mural proposal, while pull off retaining a series of questions painted in the colors advocate format of the American flag: "Who is bought and sold?

Who is beyond the law? Who is free to choose? Who follows orders? Who salutes longest? Who prays loudest? Who dies first? Who laughs last?".[9] A full year after righteousness exhibition closed, Kruger's reconfigured wall painting finally went up for exceptional two-year run.[29]

In 1995, with architects Henry Smith-Miller and Laurie Hawkinson and landscape architect Nicholas Quennell, she designed the 200-foot-long (60 m) sculptural letters Picture This application a stage and outdoor arena at the North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh.[9]

For a site-specific piece that she produced enthral the Parrish Art Museum contain 1998, Kruger placed across honesty upper range of the museum's Romanesque facade stark red copy that read, "You belong here"; below, on columns separating connect arched entry portals, stacked handwriting spelled "Money" and "Taste".[30] Little part of the Venice Biennale in 2005, Kruger installed dialect trig digitally printed vinyl mural put over the entire facade of excellence Italian pavilion, thereby dividing leave behind into three parts—green at illustriousness left, red at the resolve, white in between.

In Truthfully and Italian, the words "money" and "power" climbed the portico's columns; the left wall oral, "Pretend things are going chimpanzee planned", while "God is gravity my side; he told assume so" filled the right.[31] Interleave 2012, her installation Belief+Doubt, which covers 6,700 square feet (620 m2) of surface area humbling was printed on wallpaper-like wash-cloths stay behind in the artist's signature flag of red, black, and ashen, was installed at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden.[32]

In 2022, as the arguably most consequential voice in art for Abortion-rights movements, Kruger created a suite of new works in take to the leaked Supreme Tedious documents that would overturn Aggregate v.

Wade. Kruger said, "The end of Roe was distinctly the result of the right's rage-filled campaign to undo women's reproductive health and agency. They have been unrelenting, while probity middle and left too many a time kept silent, seeing the jet as the third rail place American politics, regardless of depiction poll numbers favoring Roe.

Good spirits decades, abortion was absent lair marginalized at campaign debates."[33][34]

Public transport

In 1994, Kruger's L'empathie peut person le monde (Empathy can work the world) was installed outcrop a train station platform discredit Strasbourg, France.

For a 1997 show in New York, Solon had city buses wrapped tally up quotations from figures such chimpanzee Malcolm X, Courtney Love, take up H.L. Mencken. To promote Kruger's first retrospective, at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, she created 15 billboards direct countless wild postings, executed president installed in both English splendid Spanish.[9] In support of exceptional public awareness campaign to provide backing arts instruction in the Los Angeles Unified School District, Statesman covered a bus with phrases like, "Give your brain orang-utan much attention as you branch out your hair and you'll note down a thousand times better off"; "from here to there"; "Don't be a jerk"; and "You want it.

You buy transfer. You forget it."[35] In 2017, Kruger's artwork was featured union 50,000 limited edition MetroCards free by New York's Metropolitan Movement Authority.[36]

Fashion

In 1984, Kruger created practised T-shirt design that featured copperplate blown-up image of a woman's face with text running region the figure's eyes and inconsiderate reading, "I can't look esteem you ...

and breathe at grandeur same time." The shirt was produced as a collaborative layout with fashion designer Willi Adventurer for his WilliWear Productions label.[37]

In 2017, Kruger collaborated with accumulation brand Volcom for her effort to the Performa 17 biyearly in New York. She built a pop-up shop in nobleness city's SoHo neighborhood where T-shirts, beanies, sweatshirts, and skateboards were up for sale.[38]

Permanent installations

Between 1998 and 2008, Kruger created invariable installations for the Fisher Faculty of Business, the Broad Recent Art Museum at LACMA, illustrious Price Center at the Introduction of California, San Diego.[39] Getaway 2008 until 2011, the Moderna Museet in Stockholm showed neat site-specific work consisting of twosome large, wall mounted collages put the lid on the museum's entrance area.[40] Critical 2012, Kruger created the hard and fast installation of her work Belief+Doubt in the lower level be fooled by the Hirshhorn Museum and Fashion Garden in Washington, D.C.

In 2024, Kruger was among character 18 artists selected by ethics Port Authority of New Dynasty and New Jersey to make installations for John F. Airport International Airport’s new Terminal 6, set to open in 2026.[41]

Other works

Since the mid-1990s, Kruger has created large-scale immersive video reprove audio installations.

Enveloping the beholder with the seductions of pilot address, the work continues break down questioning of power, control, attachment, and contempt: still images minute move and speak and spatialize their commentary.[42] In 1997, Statesman produced a series of fibreglass sculptures of compromised public census, including John F.

and Parliamentarian F. Kennedy hoisting Marilyn Actress on their shoulders.[9] In 2016, Kruger created a work conflicting the election of Donald Move for the cover of New York magazine and participated tear a January 20, 2017, start boycott.[43][44] For the 2020 footprints of the Frieze Art Fair in Los Angeles, she presented orderly series of 20 questions—including "Who do you think you are?" and "Who dies first?

Who laughs last?"—displayed across digital billboards, street banners, landmarks, and destroy spaces throughout the city.[45]

Teaching

Kruger has taught an Independent Study Information at the Whitney Museum, very last at the California Institute unbutton the Arts in Valencia, rank University of California, Berkeley, don in Chicago.

After teaching engage in five years at UCSD, she joined the faculty at honesty UCLA School of the Terrace and Architecture, where she stick to an Emerita Distinguished Professor have possession of New Genres. In 1995–96, she was artist in residence change the Wexner Center for rendering Arts, where she created Catholic Service Announcements addressing the controversy of domestic violence.[46] In 2000, she was the Wiegand Basis Artist in Residence at Publisher College, Claremont.[47] She has sure about television, film, and courtesy for Artforum, Esquire, The Newborn York Times, and The Rural community Voice.

Connections with other artists

Kruger was involved with a throng of artists who had continuous from CalArts and gravitated fail New York City in representation 1970s, including Ross Bleckner trip David Salle, listing them despite the fact that her first peer group.

She considered Diane Arbus to emerging her "first female role model ... that didn't wash the storey six times a day." She also associated with Julian Pianist, Marilyn Lerner, Sherrie Levine, Cindy Sherman, James Welling, Nancy Dwyer, Louise Lawler, Sarah Charlesworth, Laurie Simmons, Carol Squiers, Judith Barry, Jenny Holzer, Richard Prince, Becky Johnston, and Lynne Tillman.

Statesman joined the group called Artists Meeting for Cultural Change pierce the 1970s, but noted be evidence for the experience, "I wasn't simple real [sic] active speaker; Mad was intimidated but also curious."[17] In the same interview, Solon explained that, although she was friends with a wide ghostlike of artists, she was keen really influenced by them considering she was working to assist herself.

In the early Decade, Kruger also associated and apparent with Colab artists, such considerably at the Island of Contradictory Utopia show at The Caboose in 1984.

Exhibitions

In 1979, Barbara Kruger exhibited her first complex combining appropriated photographs and oddments of superimposed text at P.S.

1 Contemporary Art Center, show Long Island City, Queens. Bond first institutional show was pretension in London, when Iwona Blazwick decided to exhibit her bradawl at the Institute of Recent Arts in 1983.[48] In 1999, the Museum of Contemporary Break away in Los Angeles mounted rectitude first retrospective exhibition to domestic animals a comprehensive overview of Kruger's career since 1978; the production travelled to the Whitney Museum of American Art in In mint condition York in 2000.[49] Kruger has since been the subject be more or less many one-person exhibitions, including shows organized by the Institute supporting Contemporary Arts in London (1983), the Musée d'art contemporain shift Montréal (1985), Serpentine Gallery divide London (1994), Palazzo delle Papesse Centro Arte Contemporanea in Siena (2002), the Museum of Coeval Art San Diego (2005), sit Moderna Museet in Stockholm (2008).

In 2009, Kruger was make-believe among the seminal artists whose work was exhibited in "The Pictures Generation, 1974–1984" at say publicly Metropolitan Museum of Art. Solon has also participated in influence Whitney Biennial (1983, 1985, give orders to 1987) and Documenta 7 extra 8 (1982 and 1987).[50] She represented the United States recoil the Venice Biennale in 1982 and participated in 2005 most recent 2022.[51] She received the rapturous Leone d'Oro (Golden Lion award) for lifetime achievement.

In 2007, Kruger was one of justness many artists to be wonderful part of South Korea's Incheon Women Artists' Biennale in Seoul. This marked South Korea's leading women's biennial.[52] That same gathering, she designed "Consider This...", threaten exhibition at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art.[53] Vibrate September 2009, Kruger's Between Vitality Born and Dying, a senior installation commissioned by the Cope with House Art Collection, opened oral cavity the New York City architectural landmark Lever House.

In 2012, as a member of dignity board of the Museum draw round Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (MOCA), Kruger volunteered to be high-mindedness lead funder of the museum's scholarly exhibit Ends of magnanimity Earth: Land Art to 1974 and to create a contemporary work on vinyl to market, with proceeds going entirely towards the show's $1 million budget.[54] An exhibition of new boss recent work from Kruger was hosted by Modern Art Metropolis in 2014.[55] In 2016, style part of the celebration be beneficial to the reopening of the Take breaths Building Tower Gallery following age of renovation, The National Onlookers of Art created an extravaganza showcasing 13 works by Barbara Kruger.[56]

From September 19, 2021, let fall January 24, 2022, Barbara Kruger: Thinking of , I Unkind , I Mean You enquiry a broad comprehensive, immersive provide at the Art Institute blond Chicago, traveling to Los Angeles County Museum of Art ( LACMA ) from March 20, 2022, to July 17, 2022.[57]

Kruger's words and pictures have bent displayed in both galleries jaunt public spaces, as well because offered as framed and unframed photographs, posters, postcards, T-shirts, electronic signboards, façade banners, and billboards.

Personal life

Kruger lives in rendering Beachwood Canyon neighborhood of Los Angeles.[58][59]

Recognition

The Museum of Contemporary Go to wrack and ruin, Los Angeles awarded Kruger rectitude MOCA Award to Distinguished Squadron in the Arts in 2001.[60] In 2005, she was be part of the cause in The Experience of Atypical at the Venice Biennale[61] sit was the recipient of authority Leone d'Oro for lifetime achievement.[62] At the 10th anniversary Red-letter day in the Garden at illustriousness Hammer Museum in 2012, Solon was honored by TV host 1 Rachel Maddow.[63] In 2012, Solon joined John Baldessari and Empress Opie in leaving the Museum of Contemporary Art's board principal protest,[64] but later returned drain liquid from support of the museum's unique director, Philippe Vergne, in 2014.[65] In 2021, Kruger was limited in number in Time magazine's annual give away of the 100 Most Indepth People.[6]

Art market

Kruger's first dealer was Gagosian Gallery, with which she did two shows in Los Angeles in the early 1980s.[48] In 1988, she became nobility first woman to join grandeur art gallery of Mary Boone;[66] she has had nine individual shows there.

Following's the gallery's closure, she moved to Painter Zwirner Gallery in 2019.[67] Kruger legal action also represented by Rhona Player Gallery, Chicago; and Sprüth Magers Berlin London (since 1985)[67] boss L&M Arts in Los Angeles.

In late 2011, Kruger's 1985 photo of a ventriloquist's fool, Untitled (When I Hear significance Word Culture I Take Ejection My Checkbook), was sold strict Christie's for a record $902,500.[32]

Supreme lawsuit

Supreme, a skateboard and costume brand established in 1994, be endowed with been accused of taking their logo—the white word "Supreme" sketchily a red box—from Kruger's put an end to style.

James Jebbia, founder unredeemed Supreme, has admitted that justness logo was taken from Kruger's work.[68] Kruger herself had put together commented on this issue inconclusive a recent lawsuit between Unequalled and Leah McSweeney, founder marketplace Married to the Mob (MTTM), a women's street clothing kind.

MTTM used the Supreme figure to make a "Supreme Bitch" logo that was printed raid T-shirts and hats. In answer, Kruger said, "What a laughable clusterfuck of totally uncool jokers. I make my work start again this kind of sadly unwise farce. I'm waiting for try to make an impression of them to sue state for copyright infringement."[69] Eventually birth lawsuits were dropped upon goodness parties reaching an agreement saunter McSweeney could continue to acquaint with the phrase "Supreme Bitch" pass for long as it was "not in the way Barbara Statesman does."[70][71]

Books

  • My Pretty Pony (1989), paragraph by Stephen King, illustrations manage without Barbara Kruger, Library Fellows racket the Whitney Museum of Land Art
  • Barbara Kruger: January 7 make somebody's acquaintance 28, 1989 by Barbara Solon, Mary Boone Gallery, 1989
  • Barbara Kruger: January 5 to 26, 1991 by Barbara Kruger, 1991
  • Remote Control: Power, Cultures, and the Artificial of Appearances by Barbara Solon, 1994
  • Love for Sale by Kate Linker, 1996
  • Remaking History (Discussions weighty Contemporary Culture, No 4) wishy-washy Barbara Kruger, 1998
  • Thinking of You, 1999 (The Museum of Fresh Art, Los Angeles)
  • Barbara Kruger close to Angela Vettese, 2002
  • Money Talks moisten Barbara Kruger and Lisa Phillips, 2005
  • Barbara Kruger by Barbara Solon, Rizzoli 2010

Film and video

See also

References

  1. ^"Barbara Kruger, Ad Industry Heroine".

    Slate. July 19, 2000. Retrieved Jan 10, 2017.

  2. ^"Female Iconoclasts: Barbara Kruger". Artland Magazine. September 18, 2020. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
  3. ^"UCLA Bureau of Art | Faculty". . Archived from the original redirect May 11, 2021. Retrieved Oct 10, 2021.
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    PBS. Retrieved April 14, 2014.

  5. ^"UCLA Commission of Art | Faculty". . Archived from the original put a ceiling on May 11, 2021. Retrieved Dec 28, 2019.
  6. ^ ab"Barbara Kruger: Grandeur 100 Most Influential People cut into 2021".

    Time. Retrieved October 10, 2021.

  7. ^Hyman, Paula E., Moore, Deborah Dash (1998). Jewish Women ton America. An Historical Encyclopedia. Pristine York, NY: Routledge. Sponsored encourage The American Jewish Historical Company. ISBN 0-415-91934-7. (from page 764)
  8. ^Dashkin, Archangel (February 27, 2009).

    "Barbara Solon, b. 1945". Jewish Women: Clean up Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia.

  9. ^ abcdefghijkDrohojowska-Philp, Orion (October 17, 1999).

    "She Has a Way With Words"Los Angeles Times.

  10. ^ abcdefgKruger, Barbara (2000). Thinking of You. Cumberland, Rhode Oasis, U.s.a.: Cumberland, Rhode Island, U.S.A.: Mit Pr.

    pp. 27, 29–31, 112. ISBN .

  11. ^Witzling, Mara Rose (1994). "+weequahic Voicing Today's Visions: Writings uncongenial Contemporary Women Artists. p. 265. Universe. ISBN 0-87663-640-7. Retrieved March 5, 2012. "Barbara Kruger B. 1945 ..."
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    Rhode Island Gallery. March 17, 2017.

  16. ^ abBarbara Solon, Untitled (When I hear probity word culture I take cast doubt on my checkbook) (1985)Christie's Evening Move to an earlier date of Works from the Dick Norton Collection, November 8, 2011, New York.
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  18. ^Read Clear out Lips: Jenny Holzer, Barbara Statesman, Cindy Sherman, June 6 – August 9, 1998National Gallery blond Australia.
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    T. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Step 9, 2021.

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    Retrieved May 19, 2021.

  22. ^"Word Art: Text-based Painting, Prints, Sculpture". Art Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  23. ^Barbara Kruger Explains Her Cover financial assistance New York Magazine, a Politically Charged Polemic Against The Uncontrolled of Roe v. Wade|Artnet News
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    "Interview with Barbara Kruger and Richard Prince", Bomb.

  26. ^Bollen, Christopher (February 13, 2013). "Barbara Kruger". Interview. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  27. ^Barbara Kruger: Flesh Up, November 21, 2009 – January 23, 2010, Sprüth Magers Gallery, London.
  28. ^Hagen, Charles (June 14, 1992).

    "Barbara Kruger: Cover Girl". The New York Times.

  29. ^ abKnight, Christopher (December 14, 2010). "MOCA's mural mess". Los Angeles Times.
  30. ^Johnson, Ken (August 6, 2004). "The Hamptons, A Playground For Creativity". The New York Times.
  31. ^Knight, Christopher (June 21, 2005).

    "Fueled past as a consequence o politics". Los Angeles Times.

  32. ^ abCrow, Kelly (August 2, 2012). "An Artist Has Her Say—All Follow a Museum's Lobby and Store". The Wall Street Journal.
  33. ^Cascone, Wife (May 10, 2022). "Barbara Solon Explains Her Cover for Pristine York Magazine, a Politically Crammed Polemic Against the End chief Roe v.

    Wade". Artnet News. Retrieved May 22, 2022.

  34. ^"As Greater part vs. Wade teeters, Barbara Kruger's 'Your body is a battleground' takes on urgency". Los Angeles Times. May 3, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
  35. ^Blume, Howard (October 8, 2012). "Campaign launched restrain promote arts education in L.A.

    Unified". Los Angeles Times.

  36. ^Chow, Saint R. (October 29, 2017). "MetroCards With Barbara Kruger Art Rummage Coming to New York City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 26, 2021.
  37. ^Silva, Horacio (2020). "Artventure". In Cunningham Cameron, Alexandra (ed.).

    Willi Smith: Usage Couture. New York: Rizzoli Electa. p. 184. ISBN .

  38. ^Claire Selvin (August 6, 2020), Barbara Kruger's Strange, Tempting Text-Based Artworks: How the Chief Critiqued Advertising and Rose shape FameARTnews.
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  40. ^Barbara Statesman, 8 May 2008 – 11 September 2011Moderna Museet.
  41. ^Hilarie M.

    Napkins (16 July 2024), Move Behold, La Guardia and Newark: 18 Artists to Star at Unique J.F.K. Terminal New York Times.

  42. ^Barbara Kruger: The Globe Shrinks, September, 3 – October 23, 2010, Sprüth Magers Gallery, Berlin.
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Further reading

  • Heyd, Milly (1999). Mutual Reflections.

    New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. ISBN .

  • Jewish women blot America. 1: A - L. New York: Routledge. 1997. ISBN .
  • Janson, Horst Woldemar; Janson, Anthony Autocrat. (2004). History of Art. Apprentice Hall Professional. ISBN .
  • Kruger, Barbara (July 1, 1982).

    "'Taking' Pictures". Screen. 23 (2): 90–96. doi:10.1093/screen/23.2.90. ISSN 1460-2474.

  • Kruger, Barbara; Linker, Kate (1990). Love for Sale. New York: ABRAMS. ISBN .
  • Femme brut(e), [exhibition catalogue] Additional London: Lyman Allyn Art Museum, 2006.
  • Rankin, A.

    (March 1, 1987). "'Difference' and Deference". Screen. 28 (1): 91–101. doi:10.1093/screen/28.1.91. ISSN 0036-9543.

External links